Tenerife - insula semeata a Atlanticului
Tenerife (/tɛnəˈriːf/; Spanish: [teneˈɾife]) is the largest and most populated island of the seven Canary Islands;[2] it is also the most populated island of Spain,[2] with a land area of 2,034.38 square kilometres (785 sq mi) and 898,680 inhabitants,[3] 43 percent of the total population of the Canary Islands.[2] Tenerife is also the largest and most populous island of Macaronesia.[4]
About five million tourists visit Tenerife each year, the most of any of the Canary Islands.[5] It is also one of the most important tourist destinations in Spain[6] and the world.[6] Tenerife hosts one of the world's largest carnivals and the Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is attempting to become a World Heritage Site.[7] Tenerife is served by two airports, Tenerife North Airport and Tenerife South Airport, and is the tourism and economic centre of the archipelago.[8][9]
Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the capital of the island and the seat of the island council (cabildo insular). The city is capital of the autonomous community of Canary Islands (shared with Las Palmas), sharing governmental institutions such as Presidency and ministries. Between the 1833 territorial division of Spain and 1927 Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the sole capital of the Canary Islands, until a decree ordered that the capital of the Canary Islands be shared, as it remains at present.[10][11]
The island is home to the University of La Laguna, which was founded in 1792 and is the oldest university in the Canaries. San Cristóbal de La Laguna (a World Heritage Site) is the second city of the island and the third one of the archipelago. The city of La Laguna was also capital of the Canary Islands until Santa Cruz replaced it in 1833.[12]
In the Teide National Park (World Heritage Site), in the center of the island, is the highest elevation of Spain as well as the highest of the islands of the Atlantic Ocean, and the third largest volcano in the world from its base, Teide. Also located on the island Macizo de Anagasince 2015 is Biosphere Reserve and is the place that has the largest number of endemic species in Europe. The island's capital contains the architectural symbol of the Canary Islands, the modernAuditorio de Tenerife.
Tenerife, cunoscuta si ca Insula Eternei Primaveri, este cea mai mare (2034 km), cea mai inalta (3718m) si de asemenea, cea mai populata (populatie estimata la 655,656 de locuitori) dintre insulele din Arhipelagul InsulelorTeide Canare. Cea mai mica insula este Roque del Oeste, care de fapt este numai o stanca langa insula Graciosa. Cea mai mica insula locuita este Isla de los Lobos pe care traieste numai o singura familie.
Insulele Canare din punct de vedere administrativ apartin de Spania, iar geografic de Africa. Insula Fuerteventura este cea care se afla cel mai aproape de Africa, la circa 100 km, in timp ce Tenerife se gaseste la aprox. 300 km.
Tot din punct de vedere administrativ Insulele Canare sunt impartite in doua provincii spaniole: Provincia Santa Cruz de Tenerife de care apartin Tenerife, La Gomera, El Hierro si La Palma, si Provincia Las Palmas de Gran Canaria de care apartin Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria.
În ciuda faptului ca toate insulele sunt de origine vulcanica sunt foarte diferite una fata de cealalta, de exemplu pe insula Tenerife domina muntii inalti, iar pe insula Lanzarote domina muntii mai putin stancosi si mai putin inalti.
Cel mai inalt punct de pe insulele Canare, care de fapt este si cel mai inalt punct din Spania, este Pico del Tei. Varful muntelui este acoperit de zapada timp de mai multe saptamani in timpul "iernii" in timp ce pe plajele de pe partea sudica turistii se bucura de temperaturi de 25 - 28 grade C.
Insula Lanzarote este cea mai secetoasa, Gran Canaria cea mai urbanizata, La Palma cea mai verde, El Hiero cea mai izolata, iar cea mai bogata in frumuseti naturale este La Gomera.
Temperatura apei Oceanului Atlantic, nu este chiar calda, dar intotdeauna este intre 20-23 grade C.
Populatia totala a insulelor este in jur de 1.5 milioane, din care o treime traieste pe insula Gran Canaria. Bastinasii de pe insule sunt prietenosi in general, dar in locurile unde s-a dezvoltat turismul ei au devenit mai atenti si mai suspiciosi cu strainii.
Veniturile principale provin din turism, agricultura si comert. Se cultiva in cantitati insemnate: banane, rosii, tutun etc. Este foarte cunoscuta si cultura de vinuri din Tenerife.
Locuitorii insulelor adora sarbatorile locale care tin de obicei minimum trei zile. Majoritatea festivitatilor sunt legate de religie si in acest timp de la mic la mare se imbraca in costumele locale traditionale si se servesc mancaruri traditionale.
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